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[๐Ÿ”ฅ Hot off the Feed] AI and Copyright: A Fair Use Frontier

AI and Copyright: A Fair Use FrontierRedrawing the line between inspiration and infringement in court

์ƒ์„ฑํ˜• AI์™€ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ: ๊ณต์ • ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ค€

-์ƒ์„ฑํ˜• AI์™€ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ•์ •์—์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์“ฐ์ด๋‹ค-

๐Ÿ˜Ž ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด?

๐Ÿ‘‰ ์Šคํ„ฐ๋”” ์‹ ์ฒญ ๋งํฌ : https://forms.gle/6a6ou68a2YyLvnaMA

๐Ÿ‘‰ ์Šคํ„ฐ๋”” ๋ฌธ์˜ : https://open.kakao.com/me/insightsalon

๐Ÿ“Œ Context is King

A U.S. federal judge ruled that Anthropicโ€™s use of books to train its AI model Claude was โ€œfair useโ€ and โ€œexceedingly transformative.โ€ This decision suggests that generative AI systems can legally learn from copyrighted content without reproducing it directly, as long as they donโ€™t mimic the authorโ€™s style or creative expression.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์›์ด Anthropic์˜ AI ๋ชจ๋ธ Claude๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ํ•™์Šต์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ "๊ณต์ • ์‚ฌ์šฉ(fair use)"์ด๋ฉฐ "๋งค์šฐ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ (transformative)"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํŒ๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ƒ์„ฑํ˜• AI๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ฒด๋‚˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์  ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•œ, ์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ณต์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

While some critics argue that AIโ€™s use of copyrighted works should always require explicit permission, others liken it to human learningโ€”where reading does not equate to copying. The legal interpretation of โ€œlearningโ€ continues to evolve, especially as AI becomes more ubiquitous.
์ผ๊ฐ์—์„œ๋Š” AI๊ฐ€ ์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ช…์‹œ์  ํ—ˆ๋ฝ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋“ฏ์ด, ํ•™์Šต์ด ๊ณง ๋ณต์ œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค. AI๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ์ผ์ƒํ™”๋˜๋ฉด์„œ โ€˜ํ•™์Šตโ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์˜ ๋ฒ•์  ํ•ด์„ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค

๐Ÿงฉ IYKYK(If you know, you know)

  • Fair Use (๊ณต์ • ์‚ฌ์šฉ)
    Legal doctrine allowing limited use of copyrighted material without permission.
    ํŠน์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—์„œ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ์ž์˜ ํ—ˆ๋ฝ ์—†์ด๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์  ๊ฐœ๋…์ด๋‹ค.

  • Transformative Use (๋ณ€ํ˜•์  ์‚ฌ์šฉ)
    Adds new expression or purpose to the original content.
    ์›์ž‘์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด๋‹ค.

๐Ÿง  In Focus


This ruling provides much-needed legal clarity for AI companies, affirming that training on massive datasets is permissible under fair useโ€”as long as the models donโ€™t replicate original works. However, the lawsuit also raised concerns over Anthropicโ€™s alleged use of pirated books, which will proceed to trial.
์ด ํŒ๊ฒฐ์€ AI ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์— ๋ฒ•์  ๋ช…ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์›์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณต์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ•™์Šต์ด ๊ณต์ • ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธ์‹œ์ผœ ์ค€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Anthropic์ด '์ค‘์•™ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ'๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ๋„์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์œ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์žฌํŒ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.

This case is part of a broader shift where courts must interpret 18th-century copyright laws in a 21st-century technological context. As AI challenges traditional notions of authorship and originality, the question remains: Can creativity be taughtโ€”and if so, who owns it?
์ด๋ฒˆ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ 18์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ๋ฒ•์ด 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํ˜„์‹ค์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฒ•์›์ด ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋‹ค. AI๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ฐฝ์ž‘๊ณผ ๋…์ฐฝ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, โ€˜์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?โ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚จ๋Š”๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ—ฃ How They Talk About It

๐Ÿ“Œ literary fingerprints (์ž‘๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์œ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ฒด)
โ€œNo model was shown to reproduce any authorโ€™s literary fingerprints.โ€
โ€œ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ๋ธ๋„ ์ž‘๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์œ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณต์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿ“Œ AI training ethics (AI ํ•™์Šต ์œค๋ฆฌ)
โ€œThe debate now shifts toward AI training ethics and dataset transparency.โ€
โ€œ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ์ด์ œ AI ํ•™์Šต ์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์…‹ ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿ“Œ scraping vs stealing (์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ณผ ๋„์šฉ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„)
โ€œThe court drew a distinction between scraping content and stealing it.โ€
โ€œ๋ฒ•์›์€ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ณผ ๋„์šฉ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿ“Œ legal clarity (๋ฒ•์  ๋ช…ํ™•์„ฑ)
โ€œThis ruling brings some legal clarity to how AI may use copyrighted texts.โ€
โ€œ์ด๋ฒˆ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์€ AI๊ฐ€ ์ €์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์  ๋ช…ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿงญ Discourse Watch

๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States
Mainstream outlets like CNBC hailed the decision as a foundational case for AIโ€™s legal landscape, while think tanks like Brookings emphasized the need for clearer regulations.
CNBC ๋“ฑ ์ฃผ์š” ์–ธ๋ก ์€ ์ด๋ฒˆ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ AI ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•์ œ๋„์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋…๋น„์  ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , Brookings ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ฑํฌํƒฑํฌ๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์ž…๋ฒ• ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๐ŸŽฌ Outro

This wasnโ€™t just a win for one AI company. It was a flare cutting through the fog of copyright uncertainty. For now, at least, the line between inspiration and infringement just got a little clearer.
์ด๋ฒˆ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—… ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด, AI ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ์˜ ์•ˆ๊ฐœ ์†์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธํƒ„์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋งŒํผ์€, โ€˜์˜๊ฐโ€™๊ณผ โ€˜์นจํ•ดโ€™์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์„ ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋˜๋ ทํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ“… April 10, 1710 โ€“ The Statute of Anne comes into effect
Recognized as the first modern copyright law, it laid the legal foundation for protecting authorsโ€™ rightsโ€”centuries before AI entered the scene.
๐Ÿ“… 1710๋…„ 4์›” 10์ผ โ€“ ์•ค ๋ฒ•๋ น(Statute of Anne) ๋ฐœํšจ
ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ๋ฒ•์˜ ์‹œ์ดˆ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ด ๋ฒ•๋ น์€, ์ž‘๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„ ํ›„ AI๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ „์˜ ์ผ์ด๋‹ค.

๐Ÿงพ Sources

  • Judge rules Anthropic AI training is fair use (CNBC, 2025)

  • Copyright in the Age of AI (The Guardian, 2024)

  • Training LLMs and Fair Use (Brookings, 2024)

  • The Pirated Library Problem (Wired, 2025)

  • Data Ethics and AI Models (MIT Technology Review, 2024)

๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ Copyright & Disclaimer | ์ €์ž‘๊ถŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฉด์ฑ… ์กฐํ•ญ

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๋ฉด์ฑ… ์กฐํ•ญ: ๋ณธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ ยท์ •๋ณด ์ œ๊ณต์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์žฌ๋ฌดยท๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๋“ฑ ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ „๋žต์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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