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  • [๐ŸงŠ In Case You Missed It] The Rise and Fall of WeWork: A Cautionary Tale of Growth Hype

[๐ŸงŠ In Case You Missed It] The Rise and Fall of WeWork: A Cautionary Tale of Growth Hype

From $47 Billion Unicorn to Bankruptcyโ€”How Vision Without Fundamentals Crashed a Startup Icon

์œ„์›Œํฌ์˜ ํฅ๋ง์„ฑ์‡ : โ€˜์„ฑ์žฅโ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ™˜์ƒ์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ์ฐฉ์‹œ

470์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์œ ๋‹ˆ์ฝ˜์—์„œ ํŒŒ์‚ฐ๊นŒ์ง€โ€”๋ณธ์งˆ ์—†๋Š” ๋น„์ „์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ์Šคํƒ€ํŠธ์—… ์‹ ํ™”์˜ ๋ชฐ๋ฝ

๐Ÿ“Œ Context is King

In 2019, WeWorkโ€™s IPO collapsed spectacularly, exposing flaws in the companyโ€™s financials, leadership, and business model. Once valued at $47 billion (Jan 2019), the coworking startup spiraled into chaos within months, shedding thousands of employees and billions in valuation. In 2023, it filed for bankruptcy.

2019๋…„, ์œ„์›Œํฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณต๊ฐœ(IPO)๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฐธ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉฐ ์žฌ๋ฌด๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ, ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ์—ฌ์‹คํžˆ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋•Œ 470์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ(2019๋…„ 1์›” ๊ธฐ์ค€)์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ž๋ž‘ํ•˜๋˜ ์ด ๊ณต์œ ์˜คํ”ผ์Šค ์Šคํƒ€ํŠธ์—…์€ ๋ถˆ๊ณผ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋งŒ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ์ง์›์„ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์žƒ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2023๋…„ ํŒŒ์‚ฐ ์‹ ์ฒญ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

WeWorkโ€™s dramatic fall from grace wasnโ€™t just a corporate scandalโ€”it was a mirror to the startup ecosystemโ€™s obsession with rapid, unsustainable growth. At its core, the collapse reflects how charisma-driven leadership and unchecked VC enthusiasm can distort business fundamentals.

์ด ๋ชฐ๋ฝ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—… ์Šค์บ”๋“ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ, โ€˜๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ง€์†๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์„ฑ์žฅโ€™์— ์ง‘์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ์Šคํƒ€ํŠธ์—… ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฏผ๋‚ฏ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ๊ณผ ๋ฌด๋ถ„๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜ ๋ฒค์ฒ˜ ์ž๋ณธ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ์™œ๊ณกํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ง•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿงฉ IYKYK(If you know, you know)

  • SoftBank Bailout (์†Œํ”„ํŠธ๋ฑ…ํฌ ๊ตฌ์ œ๊ธˆ์œต)
    A $10 billion rescue attempt by SoftBank in 2019 to stabilize WeWork.
    โ†’ 2019๋…„ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ๋ฑ…ํฌ๊ฐ€ 100์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ฌ ์œ„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ œํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๋„.

  • Techwashing (ํ…Œํฌ์›Œ์‹ฑ)
    Framing a traditional business as a tech company to attract investors.
    โ†’ ์ „ํ†ต ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ธฐ์—…์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํฌ์žฅํ•ด ํˆฌ์ž ์œ ์น˜์— ๋‚˜์„œ๋Š” ์ „๋žต.

  • Founder Syndrome (์ฐฝ์—…์ž ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ)
    When a founderโ€™s vision dominates to the point of dysfunction.
    โ†’ ์ฐฝ์—…์ž์˜ ๋…๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๋น„์ „์ด ์กฐ์ง์— ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ.

  • Community as a Product (์ œํ’ˆํ™”๋œ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ)
    The illusion that space and culture can scale like software.
    โ†’ ์˜คํ”ผ์Šค ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฐฉ๊ฐ.

  • Down Round (๋‹ค์šด๋ผ์šด๋“œ)
    A funding round with a significantly lower valuation than previous ones.
    โ†’ ์ด์ „ ํˆฌ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธฐ์—… ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ.

๐Ÿง  In Focus

WeWork tried to scale real estate like a SaaS(Software-as-a-Service) companyโ€”fast, global, and recurring. But real estate is capital-heavy and slow-moving. Its failure shows the limits of applying tech metrics to physical businesses.

์œ„์›Œํฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ SaaS(Software-as-a-Service)์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ, ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์ˆ˜์ต ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์€ ์ž๋ณธ ์ง‘์•ฝ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ™•์žฅ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋А๋ฆฐ ์‚ฐ์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹คํŒจ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค์— ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ธฐ์—… ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

More critically, it was a cautionary tale of hype culture: Adam Neumann's visionary appeal and investor FOMO (fear of missing out) overshadowed due diligence. The lesson? Storytelling alone canโ€™t build sustainable companies.

๋” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” โ€˜ํ•˜์ดํ”„ ๋ฌธํ™”โ€™์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ด ๋‰ด๋จผ์˜ ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์™€ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์˜ FOMO(๋†“์น ๊นŒ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ƒํƒœ)๊ฐ€ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ๋งŒ ๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€”์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌํ…”๋ง๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ—ฃ How They Talk About It

๐Ÿ“Œ cult of the founder(์ฐฝ์—…์ž ์ˆญ๋ฐฐ ๋ฌธํ™”)
โ€œCritics say WeWork was a victim of the cult of the founder.โ€
โ€œ๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์œ„์›Œํฌ๊ฐ€ โ€˜์ฐฝ์—…์ž ์ˆญ๋ฐฐ ๋ฌธํ™”โ€™์˜ ํฌ์ƒ์–‘์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿ“Œ paper unicorn(์„œ๋ฅ˜์ƒ์˜ ์œ ๋‹ˆ์ฝ˜ ๊ธฐ์—…)
โ€œWeWork was a paper unicornโ€”valued high but structurally weak.โ€
โ€œ์œ„์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋ฅ˜์ƒ ์œ ๋‹ˆ์ฝ˜์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ, ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿ“Œ growth at all costs(๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด์  ์„ฑ์žฅ ์šฐ์„ ์ฃผ์˜)
โ€œThe companyโ€™s downfall reflects the dangers of growth at all costs.โ€
โ€œํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฐ๋ฝ์€ โ€˜๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ์„ฑ์žฅโ€™ ์ „๋žต์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿ“Œ valuation bubble(๋ฐธ๋ฅ˜์—์ด์…˜ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ)
โ€œWeWorkโ€™s $47 billion valuation was a textbook bubble.โ€
โ€œ์œ„์›Œํฌ์˜ 470์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐธ๋ฅ˜์—์ด์…˜์€ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์  ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿ“Œ vision over viability(์‹คํ˜„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„์ „์— ์ง‘์ฐฉ)
โ€œInvestors bought into vision over viabilityโ€”and paid the price.โ€
โ€œํˆฌ์ž์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹คํ˜„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„์ „์— ํˆฌ์žํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๐Ÿงญ Discourse Watch

๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ United States
U.S. media largely treated WeWorkโ€™s collapse as a broader failure of startup cultureโ€”Vanity Fair, NYT, and WSJ spotlighted unchecked venture capital, toxic leadership, and flawed incentives.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ธ๋ก ์€ ์œ„์›Œํฌ ์‚ฌํƒœ๋ฅผ โ€˜์Šคํƒ€ํŠธ์—… ๋ฌธํ™”โ€™ ์ „๋ฐ˜์˜ ์‹คํŒจ๋กœ ํ•ด์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ๋‹ˆํ‹ฐํŽ˜์–ด, ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์ฆˆ, ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ์ €๋„ ๋“ฑ์€ ๋ฌด์ œํ•œ ๋ฒค์ฒ˜ ์ž๋ณธ, ๋…์„ฑ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ, ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์š” ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€๋ชฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท South Korea
In South Korea, WeWork's downfall was framed less as a failure of coworking spaces and more as a cautionary tale of reckless investment strategies. Media discussions often connected WeWork's case to similar patterns in domestic startup ecosystems, especially criticizing the over-reliance on large conglomerate-driven incubator programs.
ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ„์›Œํฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ โ€˜๊ณต์œ ์˜คํ”ผ์Šค์˜ ์‹คํŒจโ€™๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” โ€˜ํˆฌ์ž ์‹คํŒจ ์‚ฌ๋ก€โ€™๋กœ ์กฐ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ฐฝ์—… ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—… ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์ฐฝ์—…์ง€์› ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์‹คํšจ์„ฑ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Reflective conversations also emerged questioning the once-popular belief that โ€œsharing economy equals guaranteed success,โ€ urging a more critical look at business fundamentals over trendy labels.
โ€˜๊ณต์œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ์œ ๋งํ•˜๋‹คโ€™๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ก ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์  ์กฐ๋ช…๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ด์–ด์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠธ๋ Œ๋“œ์— ๊ฐ€๋ ค์ง„ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๋ณด์ž๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐ŸŽฌ Outro

A $47 billion dream turned cautionary legendโ€”WeWork reminds us that not all disruptions are built to last.
470์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฟˆ์ด โ€˜๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์˜ ์ „์„คโ€™๋กœ ๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜์‹ ์ด ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ“… August 2019 โ€“ WeWork filed for IPO
์œ„์›Œํฌ๋Š” 2019๋…„ 8์›” ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณต๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ฒญํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ชฐ๋ฝ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿงพ Sources

  1. โ€œThe Spectacular Rise and Fall of WeWorkโ€ (Vanity Fair, 2020)

  2. โ€œInside the WeWork Meltdownโ€ (The New York Times, 2020)

  3. โ€œWeWork Files for Bankruptcyโ€ (Wall Street Journal, 2023)

  4. โ€œAdam Neumann and the Myth of Founder Geniusโ€ (The Guardian, 2022)

  5. โ€œFrom Unicorn to Cautionary Taleโ€ (The Economist, 2023)

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